Health Disparities CAN Be Reduced

Prominent physicians suggest that health disparities of Latino children with ADHD could be correlated to cultural factors as reported at the annual conference of the National Hispanic Medical Association. According to Dr. Andres J. Pumariega, chairman of the psychiatry department at Cooper University Hospital in Camden, N.J., and an expert in cultural diversity and mental health, ADHD is typically diagnosed through parental reporting. Cultural misconceptions might prevent parents from recognizing or acknowledging the illness in their children. Parents often believe ADHD is misdiagnosed in Latino children, but they often think that it is being over-diagnosed, and data from more objective studies actually point to it being under-diagnosed. The reported rate of ADHD among Latino youth being low is misleading.

During the same conference, Dr. Eugenio M. Rothe, professor of psychiatry and public health at Florida International University, Miami, suggests that disparities in treatment between Latino youth and their white counterparts might be tied to several factors, including language barriers and a lack of parental understanding. Dr. Rothe also cited a national survey conducted by Harris Interactive that found that Latinos were less likely to be familiar with ADHD and nearly 10% less likely to know where to obtain treatment. He also suggested that ADHD can contribute to some of the psychosocial problems of Latino youth, including school dropout rates, teen pregnancy rates and substance abuse.

How can health disparities be reduced? Leading physicians recommend bridging the gap by offering patient education materials in Spanish and increasing the number of Spanish-speaking health care professionals. The materials would also have to be culturally relevant to make an impact. It could be years before Spanish-speaking health care professionals accommodate the sheer number of Latino patients. In the meantime, it would behoove the health care industry to be culturally competent. If health care providers can comprehend the importance of values in the Latino culture, this can be significant. Recognizing strong family ties and acknowledging respect and trust as inherent to a high quality relationship will make a difference. It can certainly be a step toward reducing health disparities.

MUR